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高功率激光驱动器中的若干关键工程光学问题特邀综述下载：1195次
朱健强 ***杨朋千 *张艳丽 **刘诚 [ ... ]林炜恒 
作者单位
摘要
中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所高功率激光物理联合实验室，上海 201800
高功率激光装置是一个复杂的有源巨型光学工程，其性能指标要求逼近科学技术与物理极限。驱动器研制有物理设计、工程光学和结构工程设计三大过程，工程光学在其中起着重要作用。高功率激光装置工程光学设计需遵循其特有的设计原则和要点，以保证装置的高性能。根据驱动器设计指标和设计特点，从总体光学设计、光束质量控制以及光束打靶精度控制方面，综述了高功率激光装置工程光学设计中的关键科学技术问题以及相应解决方法，为未来高功率激光驱动器的发展提供必要的工程设计参考。
光学设计 惯性约束聚变 神光装置 工程光学 激光光学 
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光学学报
2023, 43(8): 0822005
Fundamental Physics At Extreme Light
Observation of Zeeman splitting effect in a laser-driven coil
Baojun Zhu 1,2Zhe Zhang 1,3Chang Liu 4Dawei Yuan 5[ ... ]Yutong Li 1,1,3
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
2 Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
3 Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
4 Department of Advanced Photon Research, Kansai Photon Science Institute, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 619-0215 Kyoto, Japan
5 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
6 Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
7 Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology, College of Engineering Physics, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
8 Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
9 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
The Zeeman splitting effect is observed in a strong magnetic field generated by a laser-driven coil. The expanding plasma from the coil wire surface is concentrated at the coil center and interacts with the simultaneously generated magnetic field. The Cu I spectral lines at wavelengths of 510.5541, 515.3235, and 521.8202 nm are detected and analyzed. The splittings of spectral lines are used to estimate the magnetic field strength at the coil center as ∼31.4 ± 15.7 T at a laser intensity of ∼5.6 × 1015 W/cm2, which agrees well with measurements using a B-dot probe. Some other plasma parameters of the central plasma disk are also studied. The temperature is evaluated from the Cu I spectral line intensity ratio, while the electron density is estimated from the Stark broadening effect.
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Matter and Radiation at Extremes
2022, 7(2): 024402
Laboratory Astrophysics
Laboratory study of astrophysical collisionless shock at SG-II laser facilityDownload：660次
Dawei Yuan 1Huigang Wei 1Guiyun Liang 1Feilu Wang 1[ ... ]Jie Zhang 4,5
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
2 National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3 Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
4 Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
5 Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
6 INPAC and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai 200240, China
7 Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
8 Research Center for Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
9 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
10 School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
11 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Astrophysical collisionless shocks are amazing phenomena in space and astrophysical plasmas, where supersonic flows generate electromagnetic fields through instabilities and particles can be accelerated to high energy cosmic rays. Until now, understanding these micro-processes is still a challenge despite rich astrophysical observation data have been obtained. Laboratory astrophysics, a new route to study the astrophysics, allows us to investigate them at similar extreme physical conditions in laboratory. Here we will review the recent progress of the collisionless shock experiments performed at SG-II laser facility in China. The evolution of the electrostatic shocks and Weibel-type/filamentation instabilities are observed. Inspired by the configurations of the counter-streaming plasma flows, we also carry out a novel plasma collider to generate energetic neutrons relevant to the astrophysical nuclear reactions.
collisionless shock electromagnetic field high power lasers laboratory astrophysics 
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High Power Laser Science and Engineering
2018, 6(3): 03000e45
Laboratory Astrophysics
Generation of strong magnetic fields with a laser-driven coil
Zhe Zhang 1Baojun Zhu 1,2Yutong Li 1,2,3Weiman Jiang 1,2[ ... ]Jie Zhang 3,8
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2 School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3 Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
4 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
5 Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
6 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
7 Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
8 Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
As a promising new way to generate a controllable strong magnetic field, laser-driven magnetic coils have attracted interest in many research fields. In 2013, a kilotesla level magnetic field was achieved at the Gekko XII laser facility with a capacitor–coil target. A similar approach has been adopted in a number of laboratories, with a variety of targets of different shapes. The peak strength of the magnetic field varies from a few tesla to kilotesla, with different spatio-temporal ranges. The differences are determined by the target geometry and the parameters of the incident laser. Here we present a review of the results of recent experimental studies of laser-driven magnetic field generation, as well as a discussion of the diagnostic techniques required for such rapidly changing magnetic fields. As an extension of the magnetic field generation, some applications are discussed.
lab astrophysics laser–plasma interaction magnetic field plasma astrophysics 
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High Power Laser Science and Engineering
2018, 6(3): 03000e38
Measurement and analysis of K-shell lines of silicon ions in laser plasmasDownload：551次
Bo Han 1Feilu Wang 2Jiayong Zhong 1,3,*Guiyun Liang 2[ ... ]Jie Zhang 3,7
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Department of Astronomy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
3 IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
4 National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
5 Research Center for Laser Fusion, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
6 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
7 Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MoE) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
We present laboratory measurement and theoretical analysis of silicon K-shell lines in plasmas produced by Shenguang II laser facility, and discuss the application of line ratios to diagnose the electron density and temperature of laser plasmas. Two types of shots were carried out to interpret silicon plasma spectra under two conditions, and the spectra from 6.6 ? to 6.85 ? were measured. The radiative-collisional code based on the flexible atomic code (RCF) is used to identify the lines, and it also well simulates the experimental spectra. Satellite lines, which are populated by dielectron capture and large radiative decay rate, influence the spectrum profile significantly. Because of the blending of lines, the traditional $G$ value and $R$ value are not applicable in diagnosing electron temperature and density of plasma. We take the contribution of satellite lines into the calculation of line ratios of He-$\unicode[STIX]｛x1D6FC｝$ lines, and discuss their relations with the electron temperature and density.
high energy density physics laser plasmas interaction plasmas astrophysics. 
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High Power Laser Science and Engineering
2018, 6(2): 02000e31
Design and performance of final optics assembly in SG-II Upgrade laser facilityDownload：705次
Zhaoyang Jiao 1,*Ping Shao 1Dongfeng Zhao 1Rong Wu 1[ ... ]Zunqi Lin 1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2 Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Shanghai 201800, China
In high power laser facility for inertial confinement fusion research, final optics assembly (FOA) plays a critical role in the frequency conversion, beam focusing, color separation, beam sampling and debris shielding. The design and performance of FOA in SG-II Upgrade laser facility are mainly introduced here. Due to the limited space and short focal length, a coaxial aspheric wedged focus lens is designed and applied in the FOA configuration. Then the ghost image analysis, the focus characteristic analysis, the B integral control design and the optomechanical design are carried out in the FOA design phase. In order to ensure the FOA performance, two key technologies are developed including measurement and adjustment technique of the wedged focus lens and the stray light management technique based on ground glass. Experimental results show that the design specifications including laser fluence, frequency conversion efficiency and perforation efficiency of the focus spot have been achieved, which meet the requirements of physical experiments well.
final optics assembly high power laser facility inertial confinement fusion. 
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High Power Laser Science and Engineering
2018, 6(2): 02000e14
Focus on National Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics, SIOM
Target alignment in the Shen-Guang II Upgrade laser facility
Lei Ren 1,2,†Ping Shao 1,2Dongfeng Zhao 1,2Yang Zhou 1,2[ ... ]Zunqi Lin 1,2
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 National Laboratory on High Power Laser and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
2 Key Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
3 Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
The Shen-Guang II Upgrade (SG-II-U) laser facility consists of eight high-power nanosecond laser beams and one short-pulse picosecond petawatt laser. It is designed for the study of inertial confinement fusion (ICF), especially for conducting fast ignition (FI) research in China and other basic science experiments. To perform FI successfully with hohlraum targets containing a golden cone, the long-pulse beam and cylindrical hohlraum as well as the short-pulse beam and cone target alignment must satisfy tight specifications (30 and $20~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ rms for each case). To explore new ICF ignition targets with six laser entrance holes (LEHs), a rotation sensor was adapted to meet the requirements of a three-dimensional target and correct beam alignment. In this paper, the strategy for aligning the nanosecond beam based on target alignment sensor (TAS) is introduced and improved to meet requirements of the picosecond lasers and the new six LEHs hohlraum targets in the SG-II-U facility. The expected performance of the alignment system is presented, and the alignment error is also discussed.
laser drivers petawatt lasers spherical hohlraum target alignment target area 
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High Power Laser Science and Engineering
2018, 6(1): 01000e10
元器件与工程工艺技术
Ray-tracing method to analyze and quantify the light enhancement around subsurface defects in transparent materials
Rong Wu 1,*Dongfeng Zhao 1,2Lei Zhang 1Ping Shao 1[ ... ]Zunqi Lin 1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201800, China
2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
Laser-induced damage (LID) to optical glass has become a growing problem in high-power laser systems. It is well known that the main reason of glass being damaged is due to defects and impurities in the material. Damage caused by subsurface defects (SSDs) is especially common in actual system running. Accordingly, in the presence of SSDs, a simple and alternative calculation method is developed to evaluate the enhancement of light field around the incident and exit surface. This ray tracing approach, based on the classical optics theory, is very direct and clear to show the optical phenomena of light intensity enhancement. Some basic SSD shapes have been studied and investigated here, which reveals the importance and boundary condition of controlling the size and density of SSDs in grinding and polishing process. Finally, to achieve optimal breadth depth ratio, the least etching amounts by hydrofluoric (HF) acid is investigated. The theoretical analysis and simulation results provide an appropriate range of removal amounts, which is very important in the HF etching process.
ray tracing subsurface defect total internal reflection interference subsurface damage 
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Collection Of theses on high power laser and plasma physics
2014, 12(1): 926609
高功率激光单元与总体技术
Research on the System of the Nanosecond Target Aiming and Positioning of the SG-II Updated Laser Facility
Zhou Yang 1,*Shao Ping 1Zhao Dongfeng 1Ju Lingjie 1[ ... ]Lin Zunqi 1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所高功率激光物理联合实验室, 上海 201800
2 上海大学机电工程与自动化学院, 上海 200072
High accuracy of target aiming and positioning is required in the study of the inertial confinement fusion (ICF). A system based on the chamber center reference system, the target positing system and the target alignment sensor is designed. The finite element method is used for analyzing the static deformation and transient stability of this system, and it proposes a calibration method of the high resolution parallel light pipe to achieve the system coupling precision. It achieves target aiming and positioning precision better than 12 μm of the SG-II updated laser facility. Through the SG-II updated laser facility single laser beam across the Φ 800 μm hole target, the perforation efficiency is 97.5%. This provides a solid foundation for high accuracy targeting of the follow-up physical experiment′s requirement.
激光器 高功率激光 瞄准 靶定位 有限元分析 精密校准 lasers high power laser aiming target positioning finite element analysis precision calibration 
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Collection Of theses on high power laser and plasma physics
2014, 12(1): 1208002
高能超短激光脉冲技术
A Method of Online Diagnosing for Focusing Performance in Picosecond Parameter Measurement System
Ouyang Xiaoping 1,*Hua Neng 1Yang Lin 1Liu Daizhong 1[ ... ]Zhu Jianqiang 1
Author Affiliations
Abstract
1 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所联合实验室, 上海 201800
2 中国工程物理研究院上海激光等离子体研究所, 上海 201800
Focusing performance is an important parameter to improve peak power intensity of a laser facility. This paper provides a diagnostic method of focusing performance in order to realize a function of online diagnosing for focusing performance in petawatt laser. A high preciseness and low tolerance far-field diagnostics unit is designed in this method. Then measurement data is testified by a focal spot measurement unit in target room. At last the far-field diagnostics unit can be used to prove online diagnosing for focusing performance in petawatt laser. Experimental result shows that similarity between the far-field diagnostics unit and the focal spot measurement unit is about 1. So measurement data of far-field diagnostics unit can be used to diagnose peak power intensity with energy data and pulse width data when online diagnosing of peak power intensity in physics experiments is realized.
激光光学 激光束特征 高能激光 超快激光 laser optics laser beam characterization high-intensity lasers ultrafast lasers 
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Collection Of theses on high power laser and plasma physics
2014, 12(1): 0202004
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